Supersymmetric quantum field theories often possess a continuous R-symmetry which is broken quantum mechanically, through instanton effects. I will discuss this symmetry breaking for a particular QFT, in the context of gauge/gravity duality. The QFT has N=1 supersymmetry, gauge group SU(N) x SU(N+M) and bifundamental matter fields, and is dual to Type IIB string theory on a warped deformed conifold. In the gravity dual, the R-symmetry is spontaneously broken, and there is no need to appeal to instantons.